Awning windows, which are hinged at the top, open outward and resemble an awning. They offer a lot of ventilation within a small frame. The sash in an awning window closes by pulling and locking it against the frame, resulting in a better seal than that of typical sliding windows.
Protruding outward from an exterior wall, a bay window consists of a central pane of glass along with side panels, set at a 90, 45 or 30-degree angle. Bay windows are finished with a headboard (ceiling), a seat board and a roof. Recessed lights can be installed in the headboard.
Casement windows typically are no more than 36 inches wide, although Marvin Windows and Doors makes operating casements as wide as 44 inches. Casement windows are hinged at one side and open by swinging outward. Like awning windows, casement windows generally are more airtight than sliding windows because the sash closes by pressing against the frame.
In a double-hung window, both sashes can be opened vertically. The upper sash slides downward to open, and the lower sash slides upward. Sash windows can be up to 48 inches wide. Many newer designs can tilt inward to make cleaning easier.
Some homeowners like a garden window in their kitchen or bath. This style protrudes from the house, with a large glass front, two perpendicular single-hung side or casement windows that can be opened, and an angled glass top. They’re commonly used to display plants. Garden windows (also known as greenhouse windows) are subject to solar heat transfer, so they’re most appropriate for shaded areas.
Mulled windows are simply pairings of two or more windows that are attached side by side or on top of each other.
A picture window has a fixed, non-movable pane of glass. A picture window can have a maximum viewing area of 40 to 50 square feet, depending upon type of framing and glazing material.
In a single-hung window, the top pane is fixed. Only the bottom sash can be opened, by sliding it upward.
Sliding windows, which open horizontally, are designed for areas that have more width than height available for window openings. A double-sliding window consists of a central fixed panel, with a vent on both sides that can be slid open. In a single sliding window, only one sash can slide open.